Method of printing and apparatus therefor



Dec. 23, 1952 G. MENAKER 2,622,560

METHOD OF PRINTING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed Aug. 12, 1949 2SHEETSSHEET l HVVENTUR Georgeflezzakez:

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Deg; 23, 1952 G. MENAKER 2,622,560

METHOD OF PRINTING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed Aug. 12, 1949 2'SHEETSSHEET 2 ""lllllllllln... "Hlllllllll 5,

INVENTOR. G GOIgMIZQZTIZ 4 )MfJMd ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 23, 1952 OFFICE METHOD OF PRINTING AND APPARATUS THEREFORGeorge Menaker, New York, N. Y.

Application August 12, 1949, Serial No. 109,892

1 Claim.

My invention is an improvement in the art of producing impressions ofcharacters, lines and representations of any kind upon surfaces adaptedto retain such impressions; and apparatus therefor; which can beutilized without recourse to lead pencils or ink or the other ordinaryadjuncts employed for writing and printing.

It is an important object of this invention to provide means forfacilitating typewriting without the conventional ribbon, for printingwithout ink, and for the tracing of lines and other marks upon speciallyprepared paper without the usual pencils which require to be continuallyresharp ened to maintain them in readiness for use. The paper employedhas a smooth finished surface containing gritty particles, such as sand;I and the types or other marking elements are made of some suitable softmetal which will be scraped by the particles of gritty material wheneverthey come into contact with the particles; thus leaving small bits andpieces on the paper with the same outline as the character desired.

The nature and advantages of the improvement are fully described in theensuing description and the novel features are defined in the appendedclaim. The drawings illustrate several forms of my invention; but I canof course vary the details without departing from the principle of theimprovement herein set forth.

On said drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the end of the type bar of atypewriting machine bearing a letter, for example, on the end; thisletter containing metal adapted to give th effect desired.

Figure 2 is a section along line 22 on Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing a modification.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a sheet of paper or the like whichreceives impressions from the types on the bar of Figure l, or in aprinting press.

Figure 5 is a view partly in section of an instrument for drawing linesor writing on such a sheet.

Figure 6 shows in perspective a clip for holding tracing parts orelements of suitable soft metal in the end of such an instrument.

Figure 7 shows in side elevation a number of such parts.

Fig. 8 shows an accessory for such an instrument.

Figures 9 and 10 are side elevations of another part or tracing elementof suitable metal for the end of such an instrument.

Figure 11 shows a sample of lines ruled with such an instrument uponspecially prepared paper.

Figure 12 shows in perspective a drawing board and instrument for rulingparallel lines upon such paper.

Figure 13 is an enlarged plan view of the prin-- cipal parts of such aninstrument.

Figure 14 is a section taken along the line [4-44 on Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a section taken along the line [5-45 in Figure 13.

Figure 16 is a view showing a modification of the instrument of Figure13; and:

Figure 1'7 is a cross section on line Il-l1 of Figure 16.

The numeral l indicates the end of the type bar 2 of a typewritingmachine; and on this end is the outline 3 of a letter or any otherdesired character. For example, the outline 3 has the form of the lettera, small, and A, large. The end I is of ordinary material, but theoutline is of some relatively soft metal, such as aluminum, copper,silver or other material having no great hardness. The pieces of papershown in Figure 4 on an exaggerated scale has a fiber body i and thesurface thereof has a coating of clay 5, or other substance giving asmooth finish on the surface, in which the gritty particles 6 are embedded and distributed throughout. Whenever the face of the outline 3strikes or is pressed against the clay finish coating 5, the particles 5will pull off small bits of metal in the outline 3, and a perfectreproduction of the character represented by the outline 3 is obtainedon the paper. By typewriting in this way, the usual ribbon can bediscarded; and if types are used in a printing press, no ink isnecessary.

Figure 3 shows a piece of such soft metal l0 retained in a seat orcavity in the extremity of the bar 2. The quantity of metal abraded bythe particles 5 from the face of the outline 3 is so minute that theoutline will last a long time before wearing out.

In Figure 5 a tracing instrument is shown in two sections II and I2,screwed together. The body of the instrument has a cavity or magazineinside for pointed tracing elements of soft metal. The section l2 has abore extending into its outer end to receive a clip [6 which grips andholds a tracing element 45. The clip is in two parts that are secured toeach other by a binding screw H. The clip fits the bore or recess l4snugly, and the instrument can be utilized to write or draw lines on thepaper of Figure 4. The opposite end on the instrument can carry anothertracing element l8, secured in place in any feasible way.

Figure 6 shows a similar clip capable of holding a number of pointedmetal tracing elements so longitudinal slot 43.

as to draw parallel lines. The clip is made of two parts l9 with widenedouter ends, and opposed recesses 20 on the inner faces. The parts [9 aresecured to each other as before by a binding screw I! with elements lbetween them, and this clip is inserted into the bore [4 in the samemanner.

Figure 7 presents a number of such tracing elements 24-28 inclusive,with ends sharpened to draw single lines, light or thin or heavy broadlines and parallel lines. Figures 9 and 10 show such an element 29 withtwo points 33 close together and an isolated point 3| on the end, so asto produce lines 32 and 33 in Figure 11 on an accountants sheet, to markthe totals.

Figure 8 illustrates an instrument having a stem 2|, with a wide endhaving several bores or recesses 22 side by side to receive tracingelements l5, held in by screws 17. A piece 23, with one end bent overthe outer extremities of the elements 15, and the other bent and fittinginto a notch in the stem 2|, alines the outer ends of the elements l5.

With instruments carrying pointed tracing elements of soft metal l5,lines can be drawn upon the surface of the paper shown in Figure 4. Theelements never have to be resharpened, and they last for a long time.

Figures 12, 13 and 14 present a drawing board 34, having a sheet ofpaper 4 thereon, with a surface as described above in connection withFigure 4. A T-square 35 having a longitudinal ridge 36 is laid on thepaper 4. This T-square has a slider 37 with a channel on its lower facefitting upon the rib 36, and can be moved along the T-square. To theslider member 37 an arm 38 carrying several tracer elements 39 ispivotally connected by means of a screw and stud 40. The arm'30 cantherefore be left free to revolve or be fixed in any desired position.It can be held at any point on the bar 36 by means of a screw 4|. Theelements 24 are all mounted in hollow bosses 42, having screw-threadedengagement with the arm 38. The tracer elements are of course of softmetal and will draw parallel lines curved or straight on the paper 1.

Figures 16 and 17 illustrate the arm 33 with a In this slot and engagingone side is a channel strip 44. Afiixed to this strip are several bosses42 carrying the tracer elements. The bosses extend into the slot, andhold the channel strip against one edge of the slot. A binding screw 45in the arm 38 retains the strip with the tracer elements in position.The strip and the elements 24 can be held in any selected position inthe slot 43.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new is:

A writing instrument having two sections detachably joined end to end toform a body having a closed cavity within it, one of said sectionshaving a recess at its outer end, a clip made of two divided parts, oneend of said clip being tightly engaged in said recess, a binding screwcarried by the clip to hold said parts together, the clip being bentbetween its ends, and one or more tracing elements clamped between theouter ends of said parts.

GEORGE MENAKER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 283,762 Davies Aug. 28, 1883375,433 White Dec. 27, 1887 413,591 Will Oct. 22, 1889 467,046 MyersJan. 12, 1892 497,850 Shearer May 16, 1893 728,500 Sabel May 19, 1903743,865 Hall Nov. 10, 1903 979,843 Grantham Dec. 27, 1910 1,443,088Pasquariello Jan. 23, 1923 1,501,745 Carroll July 15, 1924 1,599,273Benkosky et al. Sept. 7, 1926 1,879,982 Hardy Sept. 2'7, 1932 2,137,333Colburn Nov. 22, 1938 2,397,109 Hedin Mar. 26, 1946 OTHER REFERENCESThews, Metallurgy of White Metal Scrap and Residues, published by D. VanNostrand Co., 250 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y., 1930, pages 69-76.

